《生命科学》 2022, 34(8): 1027-1034

葡萄糖转运蛋白1在阿尔茨海默病中的作用

胡泽林¹ , 刘文锋^1,2,*

¹湖南师范大学体适能与运动康复湖南省重点实验室，长沙 410012 ²湖南师范大学蛋白质化学与发育生物学教育部重点实验室，长沙 410081

摘　要：

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD) 是一种中枢神经系统退行性疾病。AD 的主要特征之一是大脑葡萄糖摄取和代谢的严重减少，其中葡萄糖转运蛋白1 (glucose transporter 1, GLUT1) 是葡萄糖跨血脑屏障的主要转运蛋白，且在AD 的发病早期血脑屏障内皮细胞中就已经出现GLUT1 表达的下调并伴随着脑内能量代谢的下降。近期研究表明，除葡萄糖跨血脑屏障转运降低外，脑内GLUT1 的缺乏还与β 淀粉样蛋白(β-amyloid, Aβ) 沉积、血脑屏障破坏、脑内毛细血管密度与血流量降低、血管新生减少、小胶质细胞激活等密切相关。该文对近期GLUT1 在AD 发病中的作用机制研究进展进行综述，为AD 的预防与治疗提供新的角度。

通讯作者：刘文锋 , Email:wfliu@hunnu.edu.cn

Mechanism of GLUT1 in Alzheimer’s disease

HU Ze-Lin¹ , LIU Wen-Feng^1,2,*

¹Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China ²Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Development Biology of State Education Ministry, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China

Abstract:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common degenerative disease of the central nervous system and is mainly characterized by a significant reduction of glucose uptake and metabolism in the brain. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) is the major transporter for glucose across the blood-brain barrier. In the early stage of AD, the expression of GLUT1 is down-regulated in endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier, accompanied by the declined energy metabolism in the brain. It has been recently demonstrated that in addition to the decreased glucose transport across the blood-brain barrier, intracerebral GLUT1 deficiency is also correlated with β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition, bloodbrain barrier destruction, reduction in intracerebral capillary density, blood flow and angiogenesis as well as microglia activation. Here we reviews the recent studies on the mechanism of GLUT1 in AD occurrence, providing a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of AD.

Communication Author：LIU Wen-Feng , Email:wfliu@hunnu.edu.cn