《生命科学》 2022, 34(6): 719-731

航天脑科学研究进展

范媛媛^1,2,3 , 厉建伟¹ , 邢文娟^1,3 , 凌树宽^1,* , 李英贤^1,*

¹中国航天员科研训练中心航天医学基础与应用国家重点实验室，北京 100094 ²河南大学生命科学学院，开封 475004 ³空军军医大学航空航天医学系，西安 710032

摘　要：

探索太空不仅是人类的梦想，也是各国未来科技竞争的重要领域。脑作为中枢神经系统的重要组成部分，在机体生理功能的调节中作用关键，并在长期航天飞行中受到多种空间环境因素的影响，以及发生返回地球后的再适应改变。因此，明确航天飞行中多种空间因素对脑结构和功能的影响，探寻航天员返回地球后脑的再适应改变，对于制定有效防护措施尤为重要。该文基于太空环境的主要危险因素，围绕长期航天飞行对航天员脑结构与功能的影响及相关防护机制进行综述，并展望了中国航天脑科学的未来研究与发展方向。

通讯作者：凌树宽 , Email:sh2ling@126.com 李英贤 , Email:yingxianli@aliyun.com

Progress in spaceflight brain science

FAN Yuan-Yuan^1,2,3 , LI Jian-Wei¹ , XING Wen-Juan^1,3 , LING Shu-Kuan^1,* , LI Ying-Xian^1,*

¹State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China ²School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China ³School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China

Abstract:

Exploring the vast universe is the dream of humans and an important field for future technological competition among countries. As a significant component of the central nervous system, the brain plays a critical role in regulating the body’s physiological functions. It is affected by a variety of space environmental factors during long-term spaceflight and re-adaptation changes after returning to earth. Based on the main risk factors astronauts faceing during their life in space, this paper reviews the effects of long-term spaceflight on the structure and function of astronauts’ brains and related protective mechanisms. The future research and development of aerospace brain science in China is prospected.

Communication Author：LING Shu-Kuan , Email:sh2ling@126.com LI Ying-Xian , Email:yingxianli@aliyun.com