《生命科学》 2021, 33(12): 1544-1550
环境遇见合成生物学
摘 要：
经过筛选、驯化而来的降解微生物菌株以及与之相应的生物修复技术被广泛用于去除环境污染物。该类微生物经过改造还可以成为有效的生物传感器，实现环境污染物的灵敏和原位检测。研究者发现，许多天然状态下的生物资源在环境修复与检测应用中并不能达到预期，但经过对生物降解资源的挖掘与机理研究积累，合成生物学大大推动了环境生物传感器开发以及污染物生物降解的发展。随着现代分子生物学以及代谢工程、系统生物学等领域的快速发展，环境合成生物学已经成为世界各国实现持续发展的战略需求。基于现有分子生物学技术的不断拓展深化以及和人工智能、新型材料等前沿技术的深度交叉，未来的环境合成生物学将实现生物安全、极端抗逆、智能可控的单细胞或多细胞人工生命系统的设计、构建及应用。
通讯作者：唐鸿志 , Email:tanghongzhi@sjtu.edu.cn 宋茂勇 , Email:mysong@rcees.ac.cn
Abstract:
Pollutant-degrading microorganisms strain screened and domesticated from the environment, and corresponding bioremediation technologies, are widely used to remove environmental pollutants. Such microorganisms can also become effective biosensors after modification to achieve sensitive in-situ detection of environmental pollutants. Researchers have found that many natural microorganisms strains can not meet the expectations in practical environmental remediation and detection applications. However, based on the exploration of biodegradable resources and accumulated-over-years research in biochemical and genetic mechanisms, synthetic biology has greatly promoted the development of environmental biosensors and biodegradation technology. With the rapid advance in molecular biology, metabolic engineering, systems biology, and other fields, environmental synthetic biology has become a strategic demand for governments around the world to achieve sustainable development. Based on the continuous expansion and deepening of the existing molecular biology technology and deep intersection with artificial intelligence, advanced materials, and other cutting-edge technologies, the future environmental synthetic biology will realize the design, construction, and application of bio-safe, extremely stressresistant, intelligent, and controllable single-cell or multi-cell artificial life systems.
Communication Author：TANG Hong-Zhi , Email:tanghongzhi@sjtu.edu.cn SONG Mao-Yong , Email:mysong@rcees.ac.cn
