《生命科学》 2021, 33(9): 1177-1187
肾纤维化进程中的关键信号通路研究进展
摘 要：
肾纤维化是慢性肾脏疾病(chronic kidney disease, CKD) 和慢性肾脏衰竭(chronic renal failure, CRF)发展的终末途径，CKD 和CRF 的治疗效果与肾纤维化的程度密切相关。探究肾纤维化的发生机制是了解CKD 发展过程的重要途径。目前认为，肾纤维化的发生机制主要为肾小管上皮细胞间充质转化(epithelialmesenchymal transition, EMT)、效应细胞的激活和局部缺血、缺氧等因素影响各种信号通路，最终导致肾实质受损、肾小球滤过率下降，从而进展至慢性和终末期肾脏疾病。信号通路调控细胞核基因转录失调可能是导致肾纤维化发生的主要原因之一。TGF-β、Wnt、Notch 和Hedgehog 信号通路是目前研究肾纤维化的主要通路，这些信号通路通过独立或交互作用来调节肾纤维化的发生发展，但其具体机制尚不完全清楚。现就以上信号通路如何响应肾脏损伤进而调节肾纤维化进程进行综述。
通讯作者：石丽君 , Email:shilj@bsu.edu.cn
Abstract:
Renal fibrosis is the final pathway of the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and chronic renal failure (CRF). The therapeutic effects of CKD and CRF are closely related to the degree of renal fibrosis. Exploring the mechanism of renal fibrosis is a crucial way to clarify the development process of CKD. It is currently believed that renal fibrosis is mainly caused by renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), effector cell activation, ischemia, hypoxia, and other factors that affect various signaling pathways, which ultimately lead to renal failure, parenchymal damage, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and progression to chronic and end-stage renal disease. Dysregulation of nuclear gene transcription caused by the signal pathway may be one of the main reasons for renal fibrosis. The signaling pathways, such as TGF-β, Notch, Wnt and Hedgehog, are currently the main signaling pathways in renal fibrosis research. These signaling pathways influence the occurrence and development of renal fibrosis through independent or interactive effects, but the specific mechanism is not fully discovered. Therefore, this article is mainly about the changes in these above signaling pathways to kidney injury and how these changes affect the process of renal fibrosis.
Communication Author：SHI Li-Jun , Email:shilj@bsu.edu.cn
