《生命科学》 2021, 33(9): 1096-1103

内源性大麻素系统在运动促进脑健康中的研究进展

王海军¹ , 牛亚凯^2,3 , 陈　巍^2,3,*

¹河北科技师范学院体育与健康学院，秦皇岛 066004 ²河北师范大学体育学院， 石家庄 050024 ³河北省人体运动生物信息测评重点实验室，石家庄 050024

摘　要：

近年来，中枢神经系统功能障碍所引发的阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、抑郁症和肥胖症等众多脑健康问题受到广泛关注。内源性大麻素(endocannabinoid) 是脑内一类重要的神经调质和调节能量稳态的关键活性因子，与多种神经退行性疾病及脑健康问题的发生发展密切相关，被视为众多中枢神经系统功能障碍的潜在干预靶点。大量研究显示，规律的运动锻炼可有效改善或缓解中枢神经系统功能障碍，降低阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、抑郁症及肥胖的发生风险，对促进不同人群脑健康具有积极作用，而内源性大麻素系统可能参与其中。此外，内源性大麻素系统还可通过调节奖赏系统功能促进运动参与，与运动促进脑健康形成“良性循环”。该文主要从内源性大麻素系统的结构与生物学功能、运动与内源性大麻素系统的互动关系、内源性大麻素系统在运动防治中枢神经系统功能障碍及肥胖中的作用等方面进行系统论述，为运动促进脑健康理论提供新的视角与研究思路。

通讯作者：陈　巍 , Email:chenwei@hebtu.edu.cn

Research progress on the role of endocannabinoid system in promoting brain health through exercise

WANG Hai-Jun¹ , NIU Ya-Kai^2,3 , CHEN Wei^2,3,*

¹Department of Physical Education and Health, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China ²School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China ³Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050024, China

Abstract:

In recent years, many brain health problems, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression and obesity caused by central nervous system dysfunction, have received wide attention. Endocannabinoids are a class of important neuromodulators and key active factors regulating energy homeostasis in the brain. They are closely related to the occurrence and development of many neurodegenerative diseases and brain health problems, and are regarded as potential intervention targets for many central nervous system dysfunctions. A large number of studies have shown that regular exercise can effectively improve or alleviate the dysfunction of central nervous system, reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression and obesity, and plays a positive role in promoting the brain health, whilst endocannabinoid system may be involved in the process. In addition, endocannabinoid system can also promote exercise participation by regulating the function of the reward system, and form a virtuous cycle with the process of exercise promoting brain health. This paper systematically discusses the structure and biological function of endocannabinoid system, the interaction between exercise and endocannabinoid system, the role of endocannabinoid system in the prevention and treatment of central nervous system dysfunction and obesity through exercise, so as to provide a new perspective and research approach for the theory of promoting brain health through exercise.

Communication Author：CHEN Wei , Email:chenwei@hebtu.edu.cn