《生命科学》 2021, 33(7): 801-809

β-淀粉样蛋白与阿尔茨海默病神经网络异常

李　翠^1,2,3 , 赵　丽^4,* , 臧卫东^2,3

¹郑州大学体育学院(校本部)，郑州 450001 ²郑州大学基础医学院，郑州 450001 ³郑州大学神经科学研究所，郑州 450001 ⁴北京体育大学运动生理教研室，北京 100084

摘　要：

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD) 是老年人中最常见的神经退行性疾病，临床表现为进行性的认知障碍、行为紊乱及人格改变。β- 淀粉样蛋白(amyloid-β protein, Aβ) 是AD发生发展的关键因素。该文主要从Aβ 诱导的突触功能障碍、突触丢失、神经元兴奋性异常、不同类型神经元丢失、神经网络兴奋/抑制失衡及theta 和gamma 等神经节律异常几个层面综述Aβ 引发神经网络功能障碍的机制，以期为临床药物研究或开发基于神经网络的AD早期诊断的生物标志物提供一定的思路。

通讯作者：赵　丽 , Email:zhaolispring@126.com

Amyloid β-protein and neural network abnormality in Alzheimer’s disease

LI Cui^1,2,3 , ZHAO Li^4,* , ZANG Wei-Dong^2,3

¹School of Physical Education (Main Campus), Zhengzhou 450001, China ²School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou 450001, China ³Institute of Neuroscience, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China ⁴Department of Exercise of Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China

Abstract:

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly, with clinical manifestations of progressive cognitive impairment, behavioral disorder, and personality change. Amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is a key factor in the occurrence and development of AD. This article mainly reviews Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction, synapses loss, abnormal neuron excitability, loss of different types of neurons, neural network excitation/inhibition imbalance, neural oscillations abnormalities, such as theta and gamma oscillations. It is expected to provide some ideas for clinical drug research or the development of neural network-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of AD.

Communication Author：ZHAO Li , Email:zhaolispring@126.com