《生命科学》 2021, 33(7): 791-800

条件恐惧记忆的分子机制研究进展

杨　飞 , 韩　笑 , 刘华东^*

西安交通大学生线粒体生物医学研究所，西安 710049

摘　要：

恐惧位于记忆和情感的交汇处，既是触发防御机制以适应危险的一种情绪反应，又是研究记忆的模型。恐惧调节障碍时常会导致焦虑。该文综述了条件恐惧记忆形成及维持的主要机制，总结了在恐惧记忆产生后，神经元响应钙离子内流时相关的分子生物学变化，如CaMKs、PKA、PKM-ζ、Rho GTPases 等激酶的激活，以及下游MAPK 信号的转导、转录因子的调控、相关基因的表达等方面的现有研究结果，试图理清恐惧记忆相关分子机制。鉴于恐惧调节与诸如创伤后应激障碍(PTSD) 之类的某些情绪障碍有密切关系，条件恐惧记忆形成的分子机制研究可能为精神障碍药物的开发提供潜在的靶标。

通讯作者：刘华东 , Email:Huadongliu@xjtu.edu.cn

Research progresses in the molecular mechanism of conditional fear memory

YANG Fei , HAN Xiao , LIU Hua-Dong^*

Institute of Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

Abstract:

Fear lies in the intersection of memory and emotion. Fear memory is also considered to be a form of memory and fear conditioning is a well-characterized rodent learning model. However, fear dysregulation might cause anxiety- and trauma-related disorders. Numerous studies have investigated the mechanisms of conditional fear memory. In this review, we summarized the research progresses in conditional fear memory. In detail, the calcium ion inflow responding molecules, such as the activation of CaMKs, PKA, PKM-ζ and Rho GTPases, MAPK signaling transduction, transcription factor regulation, and memory related gene expression were discussed to elucidate the molecular mechanism of synaptic transmission in fear memory. Given that fear conditioning has been implicated in some emotional disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), understanding the molecular mechanism of conditional fear memory might provide potential targets for the mental disorder drug development.

Communication Author：LIU Hua-Dong , Email:Huadongliu@xjtu.edu.cn