《生命科学》 2021, 33(5): 653-666

PI3K/AKT通路在动物葡萄糖代谢中的研究进展

孙冠聪^1,2 , 焦 丹^1,2 , 谢忠奎¹ , 周　平³ , 杨　果^1,*

¹中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，甘肃省寒区旱区逆境生理与生态重点实验室， 兰州 730000 ²中国科学院大学，北京 101400 ³新疆农垦科学院，石河子 832000

摘　要：

葡萄糖代谢稳态对维持动物健康水平至关重要。磷脂酰肌醇3- 激酶(phosphoinositide 3-kinase, PI3K) 是受体酪氨酸激酶(receptor tyrosine kinase, RTK) 和G 蛋白偶联受体(G protein-coupled receptor, GPCR)共同调控的下游效应因子。它能够磷酸化磷脂酰肌醇(phosphatidylinositol, PI) 上肌醇环的D3 羟基，生成第二信使磷脂酰肌醇-3,4,5- 三磷酸(PI-3,4,5-P3, PIP3)。PIP3 的生成可以促使蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B, AKT/PKB) 在细胞膜处募集并诱导其变构激活，活化的AKT 可以通过调节下游靶标的活性来调控机体的葡萄糖代谢过程和其他生物学功能。鉴于PI3K/AKT 信号通路在动物机体葡萄糖代谢以及人类2 型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM) 等疾病中的重要调控作用，该文就PI3K/AKT 信号通路及相关重要调控因子的生物学功能与分子机制进行综述。

通讯作者：杨　果 , Email:yangguo@lzb.ac.cn

Research progress of PI3K/AKT pathway in animal glucose metabolism

SUN Guan-Cong^1,2 , JIAO Dan^1,2 , XIE Zhong-Kui¹ , ZHOU Ping³ , YANG Guo^1,*

¹Key Laboratory of Stress Physiology and Ecology, Gansu Province, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China ²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China ³Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi 832000, China

Abstract:

Glucose metabolism homeostasis is essential for animal health. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is a downstream regulator. It can phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PI) to produce the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate (PI-3,4,5-P3, PIP3). The PIP3 can then promote protein kinase B (AKT/PKB) recruitment at the cell membrane and activate its functions. Activated AKT can regulate the glucose metabolism and other biological functions of the body by regulating the activity of many downstream targets. Because of the important regulatory roles of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in glucose metabolism in animals, we reviewed the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and its related important regulatory factors.

Communication Author：YANG Guo , Email:yangguo@lzb.ac.cn