《生命科学》 2020, 32(7): 692-703

金丝猴社会生态学研究进展

向左甫^*

中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院，长沙 410004

摘　要：

金丝猴栖息于热带雨林，亚热带森林，温带高山、亚高山森林等多样自然生态系统中，对理解非人灵长类生态与行为适应的灵活性和复杂性非常有益；以一雄多雌为基本结构的重层社会，其形成与演化机制能为揭示早期人类社会形成及演化提供线索。由于栖息生境地形险陡、长期狩猎导致不易接近和个体识别困难等，其社会生态学研究难以取得进展。近年来，辅助投食种群突破了研究瓶颈，该文综述了几十年来金丝猴社会生态学的部分研究成果，以期抛砖引玉，推动金丝猴社会生态学的研究进程。

通讯作者：向左甫 , Email:xiangzf@csuft.edu.cn

A review on the socioecology of snub-nosed monkeys

XIANG Zuo-Fu^*

College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004, China

Abstract:

Snub-nosed monkeys live in diverse ecosystems, including tropical forest, sub-tropical forest, temperate subalpine forest, temperate alpine forest. The variation of habitat provides for a step-wise gradation of ecological and social behaviors, making the species useful in understanding the behavioral flexibility and adaptation of nonhuman primates. Furthermore, their social organization is characterized by the multi-level society (MLS), in which females live in core social units consisting primarily of one male unit (OMU) with multiple females, and multiple such OMUs associate and forage together as one larger social band, and are similar with the social organization of early stage of human society. Therefore, the evolutional mechanism of MLS would provide insights into understanding the role of society in human evolution. Direct observational studies, however, are hampered by the harsh physical conditions within the species’ natural habitat. Especially, it is difficult to identify individual because the animals are extremely shy of people because of a long history of hunting. With the animals identifiable through provision, some of these key issues have been addressed recently. Here, I summarize some research results of snubnosed monkeys and hope to promote the research of socioecology on snub-nosed monkeys.

Communication Author：XIANG Zuo-Fu , Email:xiangzf@csuft.edu.cn