《生命科学》 2020, 32(6): 597-605

阿尔茨海默症与2型糖尿病的共病机制及硒与钒的作用

何志军1，2，3，陈杰瑞1，薛　华4，黄柳梅1，刘　琼1，3*

(1 深圳大学生命与海洋科学学院，深圳 518055；2 深圳大学光电工程学院，深圳 518060；3 深圳市海洋生物资源与生态环境重点实验室，深圳 518055；4 恩施州公共检验检测中心，恩施 445000)

摘　要：

摘　要：适量补充硒或钒可干预2 型糖尿病(T2DM) 的病理过程，对阿尔茨海默症(AD) 的早期预防也有一定作用。流行病学研究显示，糖尿病是导致年龄相关认知障碍和痴呆的高风险因素。因此，推断T2DM 和AD 在早期可能有共同的发病机制。该文从淀粉样蛋白异常聚集、tau 蛋白过度磷酸化、胰岛素缺乏/ 抵抗和信号失活、氧化应激和炎症四个方面，概括总结了2 型糖尿病与AD 的共病机制。在此基础上，该文进一步综述了硒和钒对这两种疾病作用的生物效应和机理，为揭示硒和钒的新生物功能，探索发现早期AD的干预治疗药物提供了新思路。

The comorbid mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus    and the role of selenium and vanadium in this process

HE Zhi-Jun1，2，3， CHEN Jie-Rui1， XUE Hua4， HUANG Liu-Mei1， LIU Qiong1，3*

(1 College of Life Sciences & Oceanography， Shenzhen University， Shenzhen 518055， China; 2 College of Optoelectronics Engineering， Shenzhen University， Shenzhen 518060， China; 3 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and
    Ecological Environment， Shenzhen 518055， China; 4 Enshi State Public Inspection and Inspection Center， Enshi 445000， China)

Abstract:

Abstract: Moderate supplementation of selenium or vanadium can interfere with the pathological process of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and also plays a role in the early prevention of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Epidemiological studies have shown that diabetes is a high risk factor for age-related cognitive impairment and dementia. Therefore， it is inferred that T2DM and AD may share a common pathogenesis at the early stage. This article summarizes the comorbid mechanism between type 2 diabetes and AD from four aspects: abnormal amyloid aggregation， tau protein hyperphosphorylation， insulin deficiency/resistance and signal inactivation， oxidative stress and inflammation. On this basis， this article further reviews the biological effects and mechanisms of selenium and vanadium on these two diseases， providing new ideas for revealing the new biological functions of selenium and vanadium and exploring the intervention drugs for early-stage AD.