《生命科学》 2020, 32(4): 403-412

南方根结线虫效应因子功能的研究进展

王远征1，彭德良2，刘　晨1，李英梅1，陈志杰1，张　锋1*

(1 陕西省生物农业研究所，陕西省植物线虫学重点实验室，西安 710043；2 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所，植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室，北京 100193)

摘　要：

摘　要：南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)是适生区分布广、为害普遍的一类植物内寄生线虫。线虫不同寄生阶段分泌的效应因子，在“植物-线虫”互作中，除了引起线虫的无毒特征外，也通过干扰植物正常的防御反应和细胞功能，进而参与线虫的早期侵染、迁移以及后期稳定寄生等过程。现从植物细胞壁的修饰、线虫无毒蛋白、植物免疫反应的抑制、生长素和细胞分裂素信号的调控，以及植物细胞结构和基础代谢的影响等方面，介绍南方根结线虫效应因子功能的研究现状。与此同时，对南方根结线虫效应因子功能研究中所存在的问题进行讨论，并展望未来的研究方向。

Overview of the molecular function of Meloidogyne incognita effectors

WANG Yuan-Zheng1， PENG De-Liang2， LIU Chen1， LI Ying-Mei1， CHEN Zhi-Jie1， ZHANG Feng1*

(1 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Plant Nematology， Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi， Shaanxi Academy of Sciences， Xi'an 710043， China; 2 State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests， Institute of Plant Protection， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100193， China)

Abstract:

Abstract: The southern root-knot nematode， Meloidogyne incognita， is an obligatory endo-parasite. It is able to attack roots of almost all cultivated plants， causing enormous crop losses on a global scale. The effectors synthesized in different life stages of M. incognita， are secreted into plant tissues to alter cellular function and to assist the penetration， migration and parasitism of nematodes during plant-nematode interactions. In this review， we summarize the molecular function of M. incognita effectors that is involved in modification of cell walls， avirulence on plant carrying Mi-1 gene， suppression of plant immunity， regulation of auxin signaling pathway， and reprogramming of intracellular metabolisms. Focusing on our current knowledge and recent advances， some open questions and promising directions for the functional studies of M. incognita effectors are also discussed here cautiously.