《生命科学》 2020, 32(3): 299-307

表观遗传学与组织工程

江小霞*，王常勇

(军事科学院军事医学研究院，北京 100850)

摘　要：

摘　要：表观遗传学是环境和遗传相互作用的一门学科，其调控方式包括DNA 甲基化、组蛋白修饰、染色质重塑和非编码RNA 调控等。这些调控方式的协调作用决定了细胞的发育、功能、状态和命运，因此表观遗传调控机制已经成为外界环境影响因素和基因转录调控之间的重要联系。组织工程的目标是研究和开发用于修复、维护、促进人体各种组织或器官损伤后的功能和形态的生物替代物，该领域的主要挑战之一在于寻找最佳的能够控制细胞命运和促进细胞成熟的微环境。该文综述了表观遗传的调控方式及相应研究方法、表观遗传对细胞分化和功能的影响、生物材料对表观遗传的调控，以期为组织工程研究及转化提供参考。

Epigenetics and tissue engineering

JIANG Xiao-Xia*， WANG Chang-Yong

(Academy of Military Medical Sciences， Beijing 100850， China)

Abstract:

Abstract: Epigenetics is a subject of interaction between environment and genetics. Epigenetic regulation includes DNA methylation， histone modification， chromatin remodeling， and non-coding RNA regulation. The coordination of these regulation determines the development， function， state and fate of cells. Therefore， epigenetic regulation has become an important link between external environmental factors and gene transcription regulation. The objective of tissue engineering is to study and develop biological substitutes for the repair， maintenance， and promotion of the function and morphology of various tissues or organs after injury. One of the main challenges in this area is to find the best cellular microenvironment that can control the fate of cells. This paper reviews the regulation of epigenetics and the corresponding research methods， the effects of epigenetics on cell differentiation and function， and the epigenetic regulation with biological materials. It is expected to provide a theoretical reference for the application of tissue engineering in the study of epigenetics and the use of epigenetics for the transformation of tissue engineering research.