《生命科学》 2019, 31(11): 1116-1125

中胚层细胞的形成及向血系分化的研究进展

刘光辉1，马晴雯1，曾凡一1，2*

(1 上海交通大学附属儿童医院，上海市儿童医院，上海交通大学医学遗传研究所，国家卫健委医学胚胎分子生物学重点实验室，上海市胚胎与生殖工程重点实验室，上海 200040；2 上海交通大学基础医学院组织胚胎学与遗传发育学系，上海 200025)

摘　要：摘　要：在原肠运动过程中，原条的位置上出现一类新的细胞将上胚层和下胚层分隔开，并且形成新的胚层，这层新的细胞称为中胚层。中胚层细胞将来分化为血液、骨骼、肌肉、肾脏、结缔组织、真皮、泌尿生殖系统等重要的组织和器官。其中，血液系统是维持正常生命活动的重要组成部分。血液系统形成过程受到复杂而又精细的分子调控。近年来，随着单细胞RNA 高通量测序技术和生物信息学分析方法的不断发展，中胚层细胞的分子特性、命运图谱及其血系分化机理的神秘面纱被逐步揭开。

Mesoderm formation and hematopoietic lineage commitment from mesoderm

LIU Guang-Hui1， MA Qing-Wen1， ZENG Fan-Yi1，2*

(1 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering， Key Laboratory of Embryo Molecular Biology of National Health Commission， Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics， Shanghai Children’s Hospital， Shanghai Jiao Tong
    University， Shanghai 200040， China; 2 Department of Histoembryology， Genetics & Development， Shanghai Jiao Tong University College of Basic Medical Sciences， Shanghai 200025， China)

Abstract: Abstract: The mesoderm derives from a new layer between epiblast and hypoblast during gastrulation， and the vertebrate mesoderm can differentiate into various tissues including blood， skeleton， muscles， kidney， connective tissue， dermis， and urogenital system. Blood is one of the most important constitutions for maintaining life activity. Blood derivation process is regulated by complex and sophisticated molecular events. Recent years， the development of high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) at the single-cell level and analytical method in bioinformatics has already led to profound new discoveries in molecular properties of mesoderm， lineage separation and cell fate commitment， and mechanism of hematopoietic lineage commitment.