《生命科学》 2019, 31(10): 1088-1097
摘 要：摘 要：该文归纳了细菌、真菌和藻类对石油烃的降解作用；讨论了微生物降解石油烃的影响因素，包括微生物种类、石油烃种类、温度、pH、营养物质、电子受体等；总结了微生物固定化技术、生物表面活性剂和基因工程技术在微生物降解石油烃领域的应用；最后，提出今后生物降解石油烃的研究重点可能是开发具有高效降解能力的菌群联合体。
Abstract: Abstract: The degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by bacteria， fungi and algae is summarized. The factors affecting the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by microorganisms are discussed， including microbial species， the types of petroleum hydrocarbons， temperature， pH， nutrients， and electron acceptors， etc. The application of microbial immobilization technology， biosurfactant and genetic engineering technology in the field of microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons is summarized. Finally， the research focus of biodegradable petroleum hydrocarbons in the future is proposed， which may be the development of bacterial consortiums with efficient degradation capabilities.
