《生命科学》 2019, 31(10): 985-995
摘 要：摘 要：锌是机体必需微量元素，对人体多系统发育有重要作用。锌缺乏是全球人群重要营养失衡性问题之一，与多种疾病发生相关。其中，锌稳态对于造血发育有着重大影响。造血发育是机体生成并分化成各系血细胞的过程，对生命的维系至关重要。临床研究数据提示，锌失衡会使髓系或者淋系造血细胞分化异常，尤其是对淋系影响更大，进而损伤机体免疫功能，影响人类健康。鉴于其关键生物功能，哺乳动物体内的锌稳态被严密调控，其中二价金属离子转运体SLC30 和SLC39 家族扮演着重要角色。近年研究发现，多个SLC30/SLC39 蛋白通过调节锌稳态参与造血调控，如SLC39A8 调控T 细胞的活化、SLC39A10 调控B细胞和巨噬细胞的分化、SLC30A1 和SLC39A10 可能参与红细胞成熟过程等。该综述将对锌稳态及其转运蛋白在造血发育中的研究进展进行回顾，并对该领域的未来发展方向进行探讨。
Abstract: Abstract: Zinc， an essential trace element in the body， plays an important role in human development. As one of the most important nutritional imbalance problems globally， zinc deficiency is related to the occurrence of various diseases of different systems， including the hematopoietic system. Hematopoiesis is the generation and differentiation of blood cells of all lineages， which is fundamental for life maintenance. Recently， multiple clinical studies suggest that the imbalance of zinc homeostasis leads to abnormal development of the myeloid lineage and the lymphatic lineage， especially disrupted lymphatic differentiation， which impairs the immune function and affects human health. Due to the significant biological function of zinc， its balance needs to be precisely regulated in mammals. The divalent metal transporter SLC30 and SLC39 families play an important role in the regulation of zinc homeostasis. Recently， several SLC30/SLC39 proteins have been found to be involved in the hematopoietic process. For example， SLC39A8 regulates T cell activation; SLC39A10 participates in the differentiation process of B cells and macrophages; and SLC30A1 and SLC39A10 are associated with the maturation of RBCs. In this review， we describe the recent research progress of zinc homeostasis and its transporters in hematopoiesis， as well as discuss the future research directions in this area.
