《生命科学》 2019, 31(6): 589-595

细胞衰老与2型糖尿病的相关性研究进展

党　女，孟爱民*

(中国医学科学院医学实验动物研究所，北京协和医学院比较医学中心，卫生部人类疾病比较
    医学重点实验室， 国家中医药管理局人类疾病动物模型三级实验室，北京 100021)

摘　要：摘　要：2 型糖尿病是目前公认的与衰老相关的重大疾病之一，发病年龄多在50 岁以上。细胞衰老是指细胞应激致细胞产生不可逆的永久性细胞周期停滞的状态，是机体衰老的基础。细胞衰老与2 型糖尿病的关系相当复杂，衰老的胰岛β 细胞在组织内累积引起β 细胞功能障碍、脂肪细胞衰老导致脂质代谢障碍等等，衰老的细胞还可间接通过衰老相关分泌表型使个体处于慢性低水平炎症状态，引起2 型糖尿病及其并发症；反过来，糖尿病的高血糖、炎症微环境及脂毒性等能够促使细胞衰老并进一步累积。细胞衰老可能既是2型糖尿病发生的原因，又是其发展的结果。靶向细胞衰老的疗法可能为2 型糖尿病提供新的治疗策略，现就细胞衰老在2 型糖尿病的发生发展中的作用研究进展做一简要综述。

Advancement on the relationship between cellular senescence and type 2 diabetes mellitus

DANG Nü， MENG Ai-Min*

(Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences， Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College，Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine， Key Laboratory of Human Diseases Animal Model State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Beijing 100021， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is commonly considered as an aging and age-associated disease， with the majority of patients being over fifty years old. As a fundamental mechanism of aging， cellular senescence implicates in the development of type 2 diabetes. Physiological changes in diabetes， such as hyperglycemia， chronic inflammation， lipid toxicity lead to accumulation of senescent cells. In turn， cellular senescence， a process that imposes permanent proliferative arrest on cells， can definitely impair pancreatic β cells and cause lipid metabolism dysfunction. In addition， senescent cells can promote chronic， low-grade sterile inflammation through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP)， thus cause development of T2DM and relative complications. Therefore， cellular senescence might be both a cause and a consequence of metabolic changes and tissue damage in diabetes. Treatment targeting cellular senescence may provide a novel and attractive strategy for diabetes therapy. Here the paper aims at the role of cellular senescence in the development of T2DM.