《生命科学》 2019, 31(4): 372-384
摘 要：摘 要：光合生物制造技术是指以光合自养生物为底盘，通过光合固碳过程，将太阳能和二氧化碳直接转化为生物燃料和生物基化学品的全新生物制造模式。发展光合生物制造技术可以同时实现固碳减排和清洁生产。蓝细菌是极具潜力的微生物光合底盘，也为光合生物制造技术开发高效的光驱固碳细胞工厂提供了重要平台。着眼于未来的规模化应用需求，蓝细菌光驱固碳细胞工厂需要在物质能量转化效率、工业过程中的生长和生产稳定性以及与工程过程的适配性这三方面进一步提升。现从光能的捕集和利用、碳源的固定和转化、逆境胁迫的适应以及工程过程的适配这四个角度，介绍了如何应用合成生物学工具和策略，人工设计、开发进而优化蓝细菌光驱固碳细胞工厂，以满足光合生物制造技术大规模应用的需要；最后，总结、介绍了本领域的最新研究进展，并对未来发展方向进行了展望。
Abstract: Abstract: Photosynthetic bio-manufacturing technology refers to a new bio-manufacturing model that uses photosynthetic autotrophic organisms as chassis to directly convert solar energy and carbon dioxide into biofuels and bio-based chemicals through photosynthetic carbon fixation. The development of photosynthetic biomanufacturing technology can simultaneously achieve the effects of carbon sequestration and clean production. Cyanobacteria are highly promising microbial photosynthetic chassis and important platforms for the development
of efficient photosynthetic cell factories. For scaling up the photosynthetic bio-manufacturing technology， the cyanobacteria photosynthetic cell factories need to be further improved in terms of material and energy conversion efficiency， growth and production stability in industrial processes， and adaptability to engineering processes. To achieve the above objectives， efforts should be made to optimize the cyanobacteria chassis characteristics of capture
and utilization of light energy， fixation and transformation of carbon sources， adaptation of stress and engineering processes. This review summarized the recent progress on application of synthetic biology tools and strategies for artificial design and development of cyanobacteria cell factories to meet the requirements of up-scaled photosynthetic biomanufacturing. The future development directions would also be prospected.
