《生命科学》 2019, 31(4): 364-371

人工基因组合成与重排研究进展

柴梦哲1，2，贾　斌1，2，李炳志1，2，元英进1，2*

(1 天津大学化工学院，教育部合成生物学前沿科学中心，天津 300350； 2 天津化学化工协同创新中心合成生物学平台，天津 300072)

摘　要：摘　要：合成基因组学标志着生命科学的研究从读取自然生命信息发展到写出人工生命信息阶段，颠覆了现有生命科学研究的范式。酵母基因组合成计划是合成基因组学研究的代表性工作，在合成型酿酒酵母基因组上开展的基因组重排研究可以揭示不同层次基因组序列与功能的关系。人工真核染色体的快速精准构建以及基因组重排近期取得一系列成果，高效提升了细胞工厂的生产效率，加速了微生物的进化和生物学知识的发现。现通过综述国内外研究现状及发展趋势，探讨合成基因组与基因重排在生命DNA 设计及功能发现中的发展前景。

Advances in synthetic genome and genome rearrangement

CHAI Meng-Zhe1，2， JIA Bin1，2， LI Bing-Zhi1，2， YUAN Ying-Jin1，2*

(1 Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering Ministry of Education， School of Chemical Engineering and Technology， Tianjin University， Tianjin 300350， China; 2 SynBio Research Platform， Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering， Tianjin University， Tianjin 300072， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Synthetic genomics marks the development of the research of life sciences from reading natural life information to writing artificial life information， subverting the paradigm of existing life sciences research. The
    project of synthetic yeast genome is a landmark work in synthetic genomics research. Genomic rearrangement studies on the synthetic Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome can reveal the relationship between genomic sequences and functions at different levels. The rapid and precise construction of artificial eukaryotic chromosomes and genome rearrangement have recently achieved a series of achievements. Related research has high-efficiently improved the producing efficiency of cell factories and has accelerated the evolution of microorganisms and the discovery of biological knowledge. By summarizing the research status and development trends at home and abroad， we discussed the development prospects of synthetic genome and gene rearrangement in the study of life’s DNA sequence design and function discovery.