《生命科学》 2019, 31(2): 209-215

近岸及河口环境中副溶血弧菌的生态适应性及其主要毒力基因分布特征

李梦飞1，2，明红霞2，樊景凤2，3，王　斌1*

(1 大连海洋大学水产与生命学院，大连 116023；2 国家海洋环境监测中心， 大连 116023；3 国家海洋局第四海洋研究所，北海 536000)

摘　要：摘　要：副溶血弧菌作为一种革兰氏阴性海洋菌，在海洋及河口环境中普遍存在，并占据了多种生态位。近年来，近岸及河口环境中副溶血弧菌引发疾病事件已成为国内外研究热点。该文综述了沿海地区副溶血弧菌的分布规律，着重阐述了影响副溶血弧菌在近岸沿海分布的主要环境生态因子，以及副溶血弧菌的主要毒力基因tdh、trh 和tlh 的分布特征，为开展近岸及河口环境中副溶血弧菌分布研究及沿海生态系统中副溶血弧菌相关疾病的暴发预测打下基础。

Ecological adaptability and distribution features of main virulence gene of    Vibrio Parahaemolyticus in the nearshore and estuarine environments

LI Meng-Fei1，2， MING Hong-Xia2， FAN Jing-Feng2，3， WANG Bin1*

(1 College of Fisheries and Life Science， Dalian Ocean University， Dalian 116023， China; 2 National Marine Environment Monitoring Center， Dalian 116023， China;
    3 The Fourth Institute of Oceanography， State Oceanic Administration， Beihai 536000， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Vibrio parahaemolyticus， a Gram-negative marine bacterium， is ubiquitous in marine and estuarine environments， and occupies a variety of niches. In recent years， Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection has become a research hotspot in coastal and estuary environments. This paper summarized the distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in coastal areas， and its main environmental and ecological factors were emphatically described. Besides， the distribution features of the main virulence genes tdh， trh and tlh of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were also clarified. This study looked forward to providing a foundation for studying the distribution of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in coastal and estuary environments and predicting the relevant disease outbreaks of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in coastal ecosystems.