《生命科学》 2018, 30(11): 1210-1220

植物Argonaute基因研究进展

翟立红1，孙　伟2，李知洪3，腾　峰3*

(1 湖北文理学院生物化学与分子生物学系，襄阳 441053；2 仲恺农业工程学院
    农业与生物学院， 广州 510225；3 湖北腾龙种业有限公司， 襄阳 441100)

摘　要：摘　要：Argonaute (AGO) 蛋白是一类在小RNA 介导的基因沉默中起关键作用的RNA 结合蛋白。AGO 家族在不同物种中高度保守，由可变N 端、PAZ、MID 和PIWI 等4 个结构域组成。根据系统进化学以及AGO 基因结合的小RNA 类型可将该家族分为3 个亚族，即AGO-like、PIWI-like 和Group3 亚家族，目前发现的植物中的AGO 基因均属于AGO-like 亚家族。研究表明，不同类型的小RNA 结合特定种类的AGO蛋白在植物不同生长发育和响应胁迫过程中扮演着重要角色。最近发掘的许多AGO 蛋白新的生物学功能表明，AGO 在调控配子生成和发育过程中也具有重要意义。现对植物AGO 家族的分类、结构特点、结合的小RNA 类别以及最新的功能研究进行详细综述。

Argonaute family in plants

ZHAI Li-Hong1， SUN Wei2， LI Zhi-Hong3， TENG Feng3*

(1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology， Hubei University of Arts and Science， Xiangyang 441053， China; 2 College of Agriculture and Biology， Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering， Guangzhou 510225， China; 3 Hu Bei Teng Long Seed Co. Ltd.， Xiangyang 441100， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Argonaute (AGO) protein is a kind of RNA binding protein which plays an integral role in the genesilencing pathways guided by small RNAs. AGO protein family are evolutionarily conserved and consist of four domains: N terminus， PAZ， MID and PIWI. Based on the phylogenetic analysis and bound small RNAs， AGO family can be divided into three subfamilies: AGO-like， PIWI-like and Group3. All of the discovered plant AGO proteins are corresponded to the AGO-like subfamily. Different types of small RNAs sorting into specific AGO proteins mainly influence the plant development and stress response. More recently， studies discovered a series of new biological functions of AGOs， implicating that AGOs regulate the formation and development of germ cells. This review mainly focuses on the classification， structural characteriste， types of small RNAs recruited， and the
    latest function discoveries in higher plants.