《生命科学》 2018, 30(11): 1193-1201

非编码RNA在心脏稳态维持中的功能和机制

王　剑*，杨　晓

(军事科学院军事医学研究院生命组学研究所，蛋白质组学国家重点实验室，
    国家蛋白质科学中心，北京蛋白质组研究中心，北京 102206)

摘　要：摘　要：心脏的稳态维持依赖动态重塑来实现。心脏重塑异常是多种心血管疾病的主要病理生理基础，它能引起心肌肥厚、间质纤维化和心脏功能受损等结构和功能的改变，并最终导致心力衰竭。非编码RNA(ncRNA) 是指不编码蛋白质的RNA 分子。微小RNA (miRNA) 和长链非编码RNA (lncRNA) 是非编码RNA的两种主要类型，在基因转录、RNA 成熟和蛋白质翻译等水平调控基因表达，参与许多重要的生命过程。近年来的研究表明，这两种非编码RNA 参与心脏重塑和心脏疾病发生。该文将介绍miRNA 和lncRNA 在心脏稳态维持中功能及其机制的最新研究进展，以及它们作为心脏疾病诊断分子标志物及治疗靶标的前景。

Functional discoveries and mechanistic studies of ncRNAs maintaining cardiac homeostasis

WANG Jian*， YANG Xiao

(State Key Laboratory of Proteomics， Beijing Proteome Research Center， National Center for Protein Sciences， Beijing Institute of Lifeomics， Beijing 102206， China)

Abstract: Abstract: The maintenance of cardiac homeostasis depends on dynamic cardiac remodeling. Disruptive cardiac remodeling is the main pathophysiological basis of various cardiovascular diseases， which can cause cardiac hypertrophy， interstitial fibrosis and impaired heart function and eventually leads to heart failure. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules that do not encode proteins. MicroRNA (miRNA) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)， two major types of ncRNAs， regulate gene expression at levels of gene transcription， RNA maturation and protein translation， and participate in many important biological processes. Recent studies have shown that the two types of ncRNAs are involved in cardiac remodeling and heart diseases. This article reviewed the recent progress in the function and related mechanisms of miRNA and lncRNA in the maintenance of cardiac homeostasis， as well as their potentials as the molecular markers for diagnosis and therapeutic targets in heart diseases.