《生命科学》 2018, 30(10): 1038-1043

水稻基因组多样性及其在绿色超级稻育种中的应用

黎　珉1，王文生2，徐建龙2，黎志康1，2*

(1 安徽农业大学农学院，合肥 230036；2 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所，北京 100081)

摘　要：摘　要：绿色超级稻育种策略是应对未来全球粮食安全问题的有效途径，水稻种质资源中丰富的遗传多样性为绿色超级稻的培育提供了坚实的遗传基础。近年来，水稻基因组研究取得了重大进展，特别是“3 000份水稻基因组计划”的完成，充分揭示了水稻种内丰富的遗传多样性，绘制了全球首个接近完整、高质量的亚洲栽培稻泛基因组图谱，为绿色超级稻的培育提供了更加完整的数据平台与理论基础。现介绍“3 000份水稻基因组计划”的最新研究进展及其对绿色超级稻育种的应用意义。

The diversity of rice genome and its application in the breeding of “Green Super Rice”

LI Min1， WANG Wen-Sheng2， XU Jian-Long2， LI Zhi-Kang1，2*

(1 College of Agronomy， Anhui Agricultural University， Hefei 230036， China;
    2 Institute of Crop Sciences， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing 100081， China)

Abstract: Abstract: The strategy of “Green Super Rice” breeding is an effective way to address future global food security issues. The rich genetic diversity of rice germplasm resources provides a solid genetic basis for the development of Green Super Rice. In recent years， significant progress has been made in rice genome research， especially the completion of “3 000 rice genome projects”， which fully reveals the rich genetic diversity in rice species and， the world's first near-complete， high-quality pan-genome map of Asian cultivated rice has been built， which provided a more complete data platform and theoretical basis for the development of Green Super Rice. This article introduces the latest research progress of “3 000 rice genome projects” and its application in the breeding of Green Super Rice.