《生命科学》 2018, 30(10): 1032-1037

水稻分子设计育种发展与展望

余　泓1，王　冰1，陈明江1，刘贵富1，李家洋1，2*

(1 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所植物基因组学国家重点实验室，北京 100101；2 中国科学院大学，北京 100049)

摘　要：摘　要：中国是一个人多地少的大国，农业生产是永恒的主题。育种技术的发展与良种选育为保证粮食产量和安全做出了巨大贡献。近年来，随着主要作物全基因组测序的完成与功能基因组学的发展，一种新的育种理念—— 分子设计育种在世界范围内逐渐兴起。我国科学家率先践行了分子设计育种理念，将在水稻功能基因组学上所获得的科学知识应用于生产实践，为解决水稻产量与品质互相制约的难题提供了有效策略。分子设计育种技术的全面推广，对于保障粮食安全、实现农业可持续发展具有重要意义。

Research advance and perspective of rice breeding by molecular design

YU Hong1， WANG Bing1， CHEN Ming-Jiang1， LIU Gui-Fu1， LI Jia-Yang1，2*

(1 State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research， Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology， The Innovative Academy of Seed Design， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 100101， China; 2 University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 100049， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Crop production is an eternal theme in China. Breeding technologies and breeding practices of new varieties have made great contributions to grain yield and food security. In recent years， with the whole genome sequencing of major crops and identification of genes regulating important agronomic traits， a new breeding concept， “breeding by molecular design”， has emerged. Chinese scientists have pioneered in this frontier through applying the knowledge of rice functional genomics into breeding， and made significant achievements in cooperative improvement of high-yielding and high-quality in rice. The broad application of crop breeding through molecular design will surely be important for securing national food supply and realizing agricultural sustainability.