《生命科学》 2018, 30(8): 891-895

生物技术时代：新规律、新发展和新路径

陈大明1，王　莹2，濮　润2，敖　翼2*，孙燕荣2*

(1 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院(上海营养与健康研究院)，上海 200031；2 中国生物技术发展中心，北京 100039)

摘　要：摘　要：生物体是由分子、细胞、组织、器官和个体等“硬件”及与之对应的基因表达、细胞分化、组织调控、器官发育和神经网络等“软件”构成的有机体，这决定了生物技术的非线性、自适应、连续性特点，以及生物经济的规模化、系统化、程序化路径。与此认知相适应，生物技术的发展既需要借鉴信息技术等其他技术的发展经验，又需要认识生物技术自身发展的新特征。当前，我国正处在生物技术大发展的繁荣起点，在此情势下认真审视其新规律、新内涵和新路径，对于人类科学技术的跨越发展、我国社会经济的转型升级，都有很重要的意义。

The era of biotechnology: new laws， new developments and new paths

CHEN Da-Ming1， WANG Ying2， PU Run2， AO Yi2*， SUN Yan-Rong2*

(1 Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health， Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Shanghai 200031， China; 2 China National Center for Biotechnology Development， Beijing 100039， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Organisms are composed of "hardware" of molecules， cells， tissues， organs and individuals and their corresponding "software" such as gene expression， cell differentiation， tissue regulation， organ development and neural networks. It determines the nonlinear， adaptive， and continuous characteristics of biotechnology， as well as the scale， systematization， and procedural path of bio-economy. To adapt to this cognition， the development of biotechnology requires not only the development experience of science and technology such as information technology， but also the new characteristics of biotechnology itself. At present， China is at the beginning of the prosperity of biotechnology development. Under this situation， we should carefully examine its new laws， new connotations and new paths. It is very important for the leap-forward development of human science and technology， and is of great significance to the transformation and upgrading of China's social economy.