《生命科学》 2018, 30(3): 261-266
摘 要：摘 要：类风湿关节炎(rheumatiod arthritis， RA) 是侵犯骨和关节为主的多系统炎症的自身免疫性疾病。巨噬细胞具有吞噬､趋化､免疫调节等功能，参与特异性和非特异性免疫应答，其在RA 的发生发展中起到至关重要的作用。巨噬细胞不同亚型极化及其作用是近年来RA 的致病机制的研究热点。巨噬细胞主要分为经典活化M1 型和选择活化M2 型。RA 患者机体内免疫炎症反应直接影响外周血、滑膜和滑液巨噬细胞的极化，使M1 型促炎性巨噬细胞不断增加，从而打破M1/M2 平衡状态。现总结巨噬细胞的极化及其在RA 发生发展中的作用｡
Abstract: Abstract: Rheumatiod arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-mediated disease marked by inflammation in joint lining and bone destruction. Macrophage has chemotactic， phagocytic and immunomodulatory functions， which is involved in specific and nonspecific immune response. Its occurrence plays a crucial role in the development of RA.The polarization of different forms of macrophages and its role are the focus of research on the pathogenesis of RA in recent years. Macrophages are mainly divided into two extreme subsets， classical activation (M1) and alternative activation (M2). Immune inflammatory responses occurred in RA directly affect the state of the polarization of peripheral blood mononuclear cells， synovial macrophages and synovial fluid macrophages， resulting the increase of M1 pro-inflammatory macrophages， thus breaking the M1/M2 equilibrium. This review summarized the macrophage polarization and its role in development of RA.
