《生命科学》 2017, 29(11): 1126-1132

组蛋白赖氨酸巴豆酰化修饰的研究进展

杨强震，李培飞，李新红*

(上海交通大学农业与生物学院，上海市兽医生物技术重点实验室，上海 200240)

摘　要：摘　要：组蛋白赖氨酸巴豆酰化修饰是2011 年新发现的一种酰化修饰，对基因表达、细胞发育以及疾病治疗等生物过程具有重要的生物学意义。近两年内，巴豆酰化修饰生化相关研究取得突破性进展，尤其是在蛋白巴豆酰化修饰的生理功能以及与发育、遗传、疾病相关性等领域逐渐受到关注。现对蛋白巴豆酰化做一简要回顾，总结组蛋白巴豆酰化修饰鉴定、相关酶系统、识别结构域及生物学功能等，这些信息为将来进一步探索蛋白巴豆酰化的功能提供理论基础。

Research progress on histone lysine crotonylation

YANG Qiang-Zhen， LI Pei-Fei， LI Xin-Hong*

(Shanghai Key Lab of Veterinary Biotechnology， School of Agriculture and Biology， Shanghai Jiaotong University， Shanghai 200240， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Histone lysine crotonylation (Kcr) was identified as an emerging histone acylation in 2011. Recent studies suggest that Kcr plays a significant role in gene expression， cell development and disease therapy. Most researches concentrating on biochemistry of Kcr have obtained considerable development， and the physiological functions of Kcr begun to get attention in recent years. In this review， we make a brief discussion on the identification of Kcr， writers and erasers of Kcr， crotonylation reader proteins and Kcr biological functions， which include regulation of gene expression， sustaining transcription during meiotic sex chromosome inactivation and functions of non-histone Kcr. This knowledge is theoretical basis for the future exploration of lysine crotonylation.