《生命科学》 2017, 29(9): 855-863

人γδ T细胞的抗肿瘤临床免疫治疗新进展

谈思怡1，3，向　征2，徐　艳1，吴扬哲1*，尹芝南1*

(1 暨南大学生物医学转化研究院及附属第一医院，广州 510632；2 香港大学李嘉诚医学院儿童及青少年科学系，转化免疫学实验室，香港；3 中山大学肿瘤防治中心生物治疗中心，广州 510060)

摘　要：摘　要：γδ T 细胞自发现30 余年来，其研究较其他免疫细胞相对滞后，甚至被认为是进化的“残留物(relics)”。但越来越多的研究显示，γδ T 细胞在人的免疫功能中发挥着非常重要的作用，是天然免疫与获得性免疫的“桥梁”。近年来，γδ T 细胞的抗肿瘤、抗感染的相关研究表明了γδ T 细胞在肿瘤免疫与感染免疫中具有重要功能和临床应用价值。Vγ9Vδ2 亚群是只存在于外周血的一类人γδ T 细胞，其数量虽少，但其功能全面、强大。相比肿瘤或传染病患者自体γδ T 细胞的功能被抑制或“后天不足”，健康人来源的同种异体γδ T 细胞由于功能健康，其临床应用价值更具优势。现以抗肿瘤应用为落脚点，综述人γδ T 细胞的生物学功能，识别肿瘤细胞的分子免疫机制，并简单总结国际上自体γδ T 细胞抗肿瘤的应用进展；同时，简述国际上最新关于同种异体γδ T 细胞在抗肿瘤方面的应用动态，并介绍了笔者团队同种异体γδ T 细胞治疗肿瘤的进展概况。

Recent progress on human γδ T cells based tumor immunotherapy

TAN Si-Yi1，3， XIANG Zheng2， XU Yan1， WU Yang-Zhe1*， YIN Zhi-Nan1*

(1 Biomedical Translational Research Institute， The First Affiliated Hospital， Jinan University， Guangzhou 510632， China; 2 Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine， Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine， Laboratory for Translational Immunology， University of Hong Kong， Hong Kong SAR; 3 Department of Biotherapy， Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center， Guangzhou 510060， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Human γδ T cells have been treated as evolutionary relics for a long time since the discovery in 1986. Therefore， people paid much less attention to this specific group of T lymphycytes than other types of immune cells. However， increasing reports showed that γδ T cells play many important roles in human immune responses， and “bridge” between innate immunity and acquired immunity. Among several subsets of γδ T cells， Vγ9Vδ2 subset only represents in peripheral blood of human and primates. Although the small population in T lymphocytes， investigations on this group of γδ T cells during the past a few years revealed that they directly involve in both antitumor and anti-infections， and that they can be applied in clinical treatment of tumor and infection using adoptive infusion. In this review， focused on anti-tumor application of γδ T cells， we discussed the immunological function of γδ T cells， and the molecular mechanism of how γδ T cells recognize cancer cells. Then， we summarized literature reports on using autologous γδ T cells in tumor immunotherapy. In the end， we briefly reviewed the latest international progess on allogenic γδ T cells in anti-tumor research， and then we presented the work progess of our own group on research and development of allogenic γδ T cells in anti-tumor and anti-infection.