《生命科学》 2017, 29(8): 763-768

自噬、自噬性细胞死亡与肿瘤的研究进展

伍思霖，黄玉莹，丁海林，顾　晔，张晓彪*

(复旦大学附属中山医院神经外科，上海 200032)

摘　要：摘　要：自噬是绝大部分真核细胞中一种依赖于溶酶体的极度保守的生理过程，是细胞内物质再循环的有效机制。适度的自噬是细胞抵御不良环境的生存方式，但当发生过度的自噬时，将引起细胞的死亡，这种死亡方式称为自噬性细胞死亡。自噬性细胞死亡不同于凋亡，表现为细胞中出现大量包裹着细胞质和细胞器的自噬体。越来越多的研究提示，自噬与自噬性细胞死亡与某些恶性肿瘤的发生、发展关系密切。在各种不利环境下，自噬可作为一种应急机制维持肿瘤细胞的生存，而自噬性细胞死亡诱发后又可清除肿瘤细胞。现就自噬与肿瘤的研究进展作一综述。

Progress in the study of autophagy， autophagic cell death and tumor

WU Si-Lin， HUANG Yu-Ying， DING Hai-Lin， GU Ye， ZHANG Xiao-Biao*

(Department of Neurosurgery， The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University， Shanghai 200032， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Autophagy is a highly conserved physiological phenomenon in most of eukaryotic cells and a cellular material recycling mechanism which is dependent on the lysosomes. Moderate autophagy allows cells to withstand the adverse environment， but excessive autophagy leads to cell death called autophagic cell death (ACD). Autophagic cell death is different from apoptosis， with the presence of a large number of autophagosomes wrapping cytoplasm and organelles. An increasing number of studies show that autophagy and autophagic cell death are closely related to the formation and development of some malignant tumors. In a variety of adverse circumstances， autophagy protects survival of tumour cells as an emergency mechanism， while initiation of autophagic cell death clears the tumour cells. In this paper， progress in the study on autophagy and tumor are reviewed.