《生命科学》 2017, 29(7): 687-694

哺乳动物与肠道菌群的共代谢相互作用

唐惠儒1*，王玉兰2，3*

(1 复旦大学附属中山医院及生命科学学院上海分子表型组国际研究中心，遗传工程国家重点实验室，遗传与发育协同创新中心，上海 200438；2 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所，中国科学院生物磁共振分析重点实验室，波谱与原子分子物理国家重点实验室，武汉磁共振中心，武汉 430071；3 浙江大学感染性疾病诊治协同创新中心，杭州 310058)

摘　要：摘　要：哺乳动物的消化道居住着数以万亿的，数千种共生微生物或者肠道菌群。肠道菌群与动物宿主通过共进化而共生并经过相互作用而影响其生理与病理生理过程。胆汁酸、胆碱、膳食纤维及芳香类代谢物等多种物质的共代谢是该相互作用的关键分子过程，肝肠循环是上述物质交换与调控相互作用的主要途径。肠道菌群组成与代谢组的关系及其功能的精确刻画是急需解决的科学问题。

Co-metabolism：vital interactions between mammals and symbiotic gut microbiota

TANG Hui-Ru1*， WANG Yu-Lan2，3*

(1 State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering， Zhongshan Hospital and School of Life Sciences， Fudan University， Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics， Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development，
    Shanghai 200438， China; 2 CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems， State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics， National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan， Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Wuhan， 430071， China; 3 Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases， Zhejiang University， Hangzhou 310058， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Trillions of microbes also known as gut microbiota live in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of mammals with more than two thousands species. These gut microbiota and their mammalian hosts undergo close interactions to form symbiotic "superorganisms" through co-evolution， contributing towards the physiological and pathophysiological processes of mammals. Co-metabolisms of bile acids， choline and carnitines， dietary fibers and aromatic compounds are the major host-microbial interactive exchanges of bioactive metabolites whilst enterohepatic recirculation is the major route for such exchanges and regulations. Accurate definition of the gut microbiota， metabolite composition and their functional relationships is urgently required for further understanding the host-micriobiota interactions and implication in mammalian health.