《生命科学》 2017, 29(4): 364-370

阿片药引起痛觉过敏的分子机制

孙樱桐1，金　华1，2*

(1 昆明理工大学医学院，昆明 650500；2 昆明理工大学附属云南省第一人民医院，昆明 650500)

摘　要：摘　要：阿片类药物是临床上镇痛及手术麻醉的常用药物，具有催眠、镇痛、镇静、抑制不良应激反应等作用。然而，阿片类药物引起的恶心、呕吐、便秘、呼吸抑制等副作用极大地限制了其临床应用和推广。近年来，阿片类药物诱导的痛觉敏化现象引起了学者们的高度关注。痛觉敏化即使用阿片药物患者对疼痛刺激敏感性增加的现象，其机制可能与中枢神经可塑性改变有关，造成促伤害性感受通路敏化，剂量效应曲线右移。现将对阿片药诱导痛觉敏化的研究进展进行综述。

The molecular mechanisms of opioid-induced hyperalgesia

SUN Ying-Tong1， JIN Hua1，2*

(1 Fadulty of Medicine， Kunming University of Science and Technology， Kunming 650500， China; 2 First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province， Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology， Kunming 650500， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Opioids are the most effective drugs used for moderating severe pain and are common anesthetic used for surgery， which produce sedative， hypnotic and analgesic effects. However， its clinical applications have been limited by its side effects such as nausea， vomiting and constipation. Besides， opioid-induced hyperalgesia has attracted greater attention recently. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia increases the thermal or mechanical sensitivity in patients receiving a prolonged treatment of opioids. The mechanism might involve the neural plastic changes in CNS， producing a rightward shift in the dose-effect curve. This article reviews the hypothesized mechanisms of opioid-induced hyperalgesia.