《生命科学》 2017, 29(2): 179-188

肠道病毒71型逃逸宿主固有免疫的分子机制

常章梅，王玉燕，龙健儿*

(复旦大学上海医学院病原生物学系，上海 200032)

摘　要：摘　要：肠道病毒71 型(enterovirus type 71， EV-A71) 感染常引起婴幼儿手足口病(hand， foot， and mouth disease， HFMD)，严重者可伴有中枢神经系统并发症。近年来，EV-A71 引起的手足口病已成为我国以及亚太地区迫切需要解决的公共卫生问题。目前，EV-A71 的致病机制并不清楚，但逃逸宿主免疫应答被认为是其重要的致病机理之一。现主要就EV-A71 逃逸宿主固有免疫的分子机制做一综述，概述近年来有关EV-A71 如何利用其自身编码的2Apro、3Cpro 等非结构蛋白，影响宿主对病毒核酸的识别、IFN 诱发生成及IFN 信号通路的激活，从而逃逸宿主固有免疫的主要进展情况，并对抗病毒感染免疫治疗策略作简略讨论。

The molecular mechanisms of enterovirus A71 evading host innate immunity

CHANG Zhang-Mei， WANG Yu-Yan， LONG Jian-Er*

(Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology， Shanghai Medical College
    of Fudan University， Shanghai 200032， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is a major etiological agent for outbreaks of hand， foot， and mouth disease (HFMD) in young children and infants. Infection with EV-A71 also results in severe neurological diseases.Recently， HFMD caused by EV-A71 has been the public health problem that needs great efforts in our country and other Asia-Pacific regions. However， the pathogenesis of EV-A71 infection has been unknown. Evasion of host innate immunity elicited by the virus has been considered to be the most important factor that contributes to the pathogenesis of EV-A71 infection. In this review， we summarized that EV-A71 evades host innate immunity and its molecular mechanisms， including the pathways by which the host recognizes virus infection， and the virus how to inhibit the production of host IFNs and block IFNs signaling. We also discussed the strategies for antiviral treatments based on the molecular mechanism of the virus evading host immunity.