《生命科学》 2017, 29(1): 55-61
摘 要:摘 要:小分子热休克蛋白(small heat shock protein, sHsp) 是相对分子质量介于12~43 × 103 的热休克蛋白家族成员,广泛存在于生物体内。根据相关报道,该类蛋白在组成上都含有α- 晶状体蛋白结构域(α-crystalline domain, ACD)、N 端臂和C 端延伸结构。sHsp 是生命体中一种重要的分子伴侣,对蛋白质的变性过程有很强的保护作用。生物体中sHsp 的生物状态发生改变会引起机体发生病变,而sHsp 的正常存在则可以延缓细胞衰老,并降低细胞凋亡率。现综述有关sHsp 在细胞凋亡中的控制作用,以及与其相关的神经退行性疾病、癌症、白内障等多种病变的发病机制,以期为相关研究提供参考。
Abstract: Abstract: The small heat shock protein (sHsp), 12~43 kDa, is a member of the heat shock proteins. sHsps have been widely found in all organisms. The present researches revealed that nearly all sHsps have an α-crystalline domain (ACD), a N-terminal arm and a C-terminal extension structure. sHsps are important molecular chaperones protecting the denaturation of proteins. In humans, any abnormal changes in the structure of sHsp is tending to cause disorders, while the present of normal sHsps can retard cell senescence and reduce cell apoptosis. This article reviewed the recent researches on effect of sHsps on cell apoptosis and the relationship with the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases, cancer and cataract, as well as the related mechanisms.