《生命科学》 2016, 28(11): 1398-1404

氨基酸信号对mTOR和GCN2通路的影响研究进展

何流琴1，2 ，周锡红1 ，李铁军1，3*，姚　康1 ，印遇龙1

(1 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所，中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室，湖
    南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术中心，中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站，长沙 410125；
    2 中国科学院大学，北京 100039；3 湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心，长沙 410128)

摘　要：摘　要：对氨基酸的精确感应是有效调控蛋白质或氨基酸合成与分解代谢及控制采食量的关键因素。雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR) 和一般性调控阻遏蛋白激酶2(GCN2) 作为重要的信号转导分子，位于蛋白质合成与降解过程中整个信号通路的中心位点，是调控该过程的重要通路，并对蛋白质功能与作用的表达起到至关重要的作用。现主要围绕氨基酸信号对mTOR 和GCN2 通路的影响进行讨论，旨在阐述氨基酸信号如何在蛋白质合成和降解过程中发挥作用。

Amino acids signaling study on mTOR and GCN2 pathways

HE Liu-Qin1，2， ZHOU Xi-Hong1， LI Tie-Jun1，3*， YAO Kang1， YIN Yu-Long1

(1 Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region， Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock， Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central，
    Ministry of Agriculture， Institute of Subtropical Agriculture， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Changsha 410125， China; 2 University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 100039， China; 3 Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety， Changsha 410128， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Accurate amino acid sensing is a key factor for effectively regulating protein or amino acids synthesis and catabolism， and controlling food intake. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and general control nonderepressible 2 kinase (GCN2) are located in the center of entire signaling pathway， which regulate the process of protein degradation and synthesis. Consequently， mTOR and GCN2 signaling pathway play a crucial role in protein synthesis and catabolism. Therefore， this review mainly focused on the effect of amino acid signal on mTOR and GCN2 pathway to further elucidate how amino acid signals are involved in protein synthesis and degradation.