《生命科学》 2016, 28(6): 712-717

piRNA通路中调控蛋白质研究进展

彭　玲，黄　旲*

(中国科学院上海生命科学研究院生物化学与细胞生物学研究所，分子生物学国家重点实验室，国家蛋白质科学中心，上海大科学中心，上海 200031)

摘　要：摘　要：piRNA 是一类与Argonaute 蛋白家族的PIWI 亚家族蛋白结合的非编码小RNA，其在沉默转座子、维持基因组的稳定性和保证生物体生殖细胞的正常发育中起着重要作用。piRNA 通路包括piRNA 的生成、piRISC 的形成，以及由piRISC 介导的转座子沉默。现总结了目前发现的参与调控果蝇和小鼠中piRNA 通路的蛋白质因子。

Proteins involved in piRNA pathway

PENG Ling， HUANG Ying*

(Shanghai Science Research Center， National Center for Protein Science Shanghai， State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology， Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology， Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Shanghai 200031， China)

Abstract: Abstract: piRNAs are a germline specific class of small non-coding RNAs. They associate with PIWI proteins which belong to a family of Agonaute proteins. piRNA and PIWI proteins form piRNA-induced silencing complexes (piRISC)， and function in defending genome integrity by TE silencing. Recent studies have revealed a large number of factors that are essential for piRNA biogenesis， piRISC formation and piRNA-mediated transcriptional silencing. This review summaries these key factors involved in piRNA pathways of Drosophila melanogaster and mouse.