《生命科学》 2016, 28(6): 695-702

内源性反转录病毒衍生的长非编码RNA的功能

胡序明，崔恒宓*

(扬州大学动物科学与技术学院，表观遗传学及表观基因组学研究所，扬州 225009)

摘　要：摘　要：长非编码RNA (long non-coding RNA， lncRNA) 是一类转录本长度超过200 nt、不编码蛋白质的RNA 分子，以RNA 的形式参与多层次调控，包括表观遗传学调控、转录调控以及转录后调控等。大量研究结果表明，许多长非编码RNA 分子衍生于数百万年前“入侵”人类基因组的内源性反转录病毒(endogenous retrovirus， ERV) 序列。内源性反转录病毒是基因组重要成分，约占基因组的5%~8%，多以“前病毒”形式存在，功能很大程度上未知。就内源性反转录病毒衍生的lncRNA 在天然免疫、抗病毒和肿瘤等方面的最新研究进展进行综述。

Function of long non-coding RNA derived from endogenous retroviruses

HU Xu-Ming， CUI Heng-Mi*

(Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics， College of Animal Science and Technology， Yangzhou University， Yangzhou 225009， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a class of transcripts， which are non-protein coding RNA molecules longer than 200 nt. They have important regulatory functions in multi-levels， including epigenetic regulation， transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulations. A large number of studies indicate that many lncRNAs are derived from the endogenous retrovirus (ERV) sequences， which were thought to invade into the human genome millions of years ago. Endogenous retroviruses have become an important component of the genome， accounting for about 5%~8% of the genome. For these “proviral”， however， the function is largely unknown yet. In this paper， the latest research progress of lncRNA derived from ERVs in innate immunity， anti-virus and tumors are reviewed.