《生命科学》 2016, 28(3): 357-366

人类高致病性冠状病毒SARS-CoV和MERS-CoV的流行与突变——共性与个性特征的启示

代嫣嫣1，夏　帅1，王　茜1，陆　路1*，姜世勃1，2*

(1 复旦大学基础医学院医学分子病毒学教育部/卫生部重点实验室，上海 200032；2 纽约血液中心 Lindsley F. Kimball研究所，纽约 10065)

摘　要：摘　要：人类高致病性冠状病毒目前主要包括严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒(SARS-CoV) 和中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)，其广泛的流行、较强的致病性，给全球的经济造成了较大损失，也给人类的健康带来了严重威胁。虽然SARS-CoV 和MERS-CoV 都属于动物源性病毒，但其流行与突变中都存在各自的特征。现着重就SARS-CoV 与MERS-CoV 的病原学、流行及基因突变等方面进行对比综述，以分析揭示高致病性冠状病毒在以上方面的共性和个性特征，为未来疫情的监测和防控提供新的思路。

Epidemics and mutations of highly pathogenic human coronaviruses SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV: their common and distinct properties

DAI Yan-Yan1， XIA Shuai1， WANG Qian1， LU Lu1*， JIANG Shi-Bo1，2*

(1 Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health， Shanghai Medical College and Institute of Medical Microbiology， Fudan University， Shanghai 200032， China; 2 Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute， New York Blood Center， New York 10065， USA)

Abstract: Abstract: The highly pathogenic human coronaviruses， mainly including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV)， have posed great threat to the public health and global economy. Although these zoonotic coronaviruses have common properties， each of them has their own characteristics in epidemics and mutations. This review focuses on the comparison of the pathogenicity， epidemiology and mutations of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV to reveal their common and distinct properties， for the purpose of providing information for developing more advanced systems and strategies to monitor and control the future epidemics of the highly pathogenic human coronaviruses.