《生命科学》 2016, 28(2): 216-221
摘 要：摘 要：抗病毒天然免疫是宿主抗病毒感染的第一道防线。研究证明，病毒感染时，几乎所有细胞都能诱导I 型干扰素(IFN-I) 及其下游的干扰素刺激基因(ISG) 的表达，进而介导宿主的抗病毒天然免疫。最新研究发现，细胞组分，尤其是脂质代谢几乎可以促进病毒复制周期的所有阶段，包括病毒与宿主细胞的初始相互作用、囊膜与细胞膜融合、病毒组装和出芽等。这些阶段均是宿主抗病毒天然免疫的作用靶点，也是预防和治疗病毒感染的有效途径。因此，细胞代谢( 尤其是脂代谢) 在病毒感染诱导的天然免疫中必定发挥极为关键的作用。代谢在抗病毒天然免疫中作用的研究，必将为预防和治疗病毒感染新途径和新方法的开发提供新的思路。综述将重点探讨代谢在线粒体、过氧化物酶体和少数ISG 参与的抗病毒天然免疫中的作用。
Abstract: Abstract: Host antiviral innate immunity is the first line of defense against viral infections. Studies have reported that almost all kinds of cells can induce type I interferon (IFN-I) and its downstream interferon-stimulated genes (ISG)， both of which exert a crucial effect in antiviral innate immunity. Latest researches found that cellular components， especially lipid metabolism， can facilitate almost all stages of the viral replication cycle， including initial interactions of the virion with the host cell， envelope fusion， assembly and budding. All the stages are not only the potential targets of the antiviral innate responses， but also effective approaches to prevent and treat viral infections. Thus， cell metabolism， especially lipid metabolism， must play a pivotal role in virus-induced innate immunity. Researches on roles of metabolism in antiviral innate responses would provide more effective therapeutics for prevention and treatment of viral infections. This review will focus on the role of metabolism in host antiviral innate immunity where the mitochondria， peroxisome， and several ISGs are involved.
