《生命科学》 2016, 28(2): 208-215
摘 要：摘 要：细胞自噬是细胞基本的代谢过程，它对维持细胞的生存和组织自稳等发挥着重要作用。自噬形成分为起始、延伸、成熟和终止4 个阶段。自噬在不同的阶段均受到来自于细胞内部和外部的诸多调控，多种复合物参与自噬小体的形成。自噬参与了细胞内许多重要的生理活动，如细胞周期调控、细胞增殖、细胞凋亡、干细胞干性的维持、多能性诱导干细胞(iPS) 的建立以及对外来病原微生物的清除等过程。近年来，大量的研究表明，自噬参与了淋巴细胞的发育、固有免疫和适应性免疫应答的调节，对机体的免疫反应有着十分重要的调节作用。对自噬在免疫系统中的深入研究将加深我们对免疫机制的认识，为清除病原微生物感染，防治自身免疫性疾病提供新策略和新靶点。
Abstract: Abstract: Autophagy is a basic metabolic progress that is essential for cell survival and tissue homeostasis. Autophagy formation includes four stages such as initiation， elongation， maturation and termination. Autophagy can be regulated by many intracellular or extracellular stimuli and participates in many cellular activities such as cell cycle， cell proliferation， apoptosis， self-renewal of stem cells， iPS generation as well as eliminating invading pathogens. Meanwhile， many recent studies have illustrated that autophagy is involved in the lymphocyte development， regulation of innate immunity and adaptive immunity， indicating an essential role of autophagy in immune response. Elucidating the regulation mechanisms of autophagy in immune responses will provide new therapeutic strategy in prevention and treatment of infectious and immune diseases.
