《生命科学》 2015, 27(10): 1299-1305
摘 要：摘 要：雌激素参与调节女性多种生殖或非生殖组织的正常生长、分化和运行。外源雌激素(xenoestrogen， XEs) 的介入干扰机体内正常的生理平衡，并在具有雌激素依赖性细胞中通过雌激素受体(estrogen receptor， ER) 介导基因组和非基因组途径发挥雌激素效应。然而，膜雌激素受体，特别是ER-α36 介导XEs 产生的非基因组途径因其低剂量、低亲和力、非线性、快速信号转导、整合等效应而备受关注。在XEs 的刺激下，ER-α36 可通过非基因组途径激活cAMP、PKC、Ca2+、MAPK/ERK、PI3K/Akt 等下游通路诱导产生雌激素效应。研究ER-α36 和肿瘤细胞的相关性对肿瘤的发生和治疗具有重要意义。重点介绍ER-α36 在子宫内膜癌、乳腺癌和卵巢癌等妇科肿瘤中介导非基因组产生的雌激素效应及其在疾病治疗过程中产生的影响，以期为妇科肿瘤预防和治疗提供一定的理论指导。
Abstract: Abstract: Estrogens can participate in regulating normal growth， differentiation and function of female reproductive or non-reproductive tissue. The intervention of xenoestrogens (XEs) interferes with the physiological balance of the organism， and induces estrogen receptors (ERs)-mediated genomic effect and non-genomic effect， resulting in estrogenic effects. However， membrane ERs， especially estrogen receptor alpha 36 (ER-α36)， have been getting increased attention as it can mediate XEs producing non-genomic effect because of its low-dose， low-affinity， nonlinear， fast signal transduction， and integrated effects. ER-α36 could activate lots of downstream pathways under the stimulation of XEs through non-genomic pathways such as cAMP， PKC， Ca2+， MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt， and
then produce estrogenic effects. The relationship between cancerous cells and ER-α36 is a significant consideration during the progression and treatment of gynecological oncology. On one hand， in this review， we introduce the estrogenic effects through non-genomic pathways mediated by ER-α36 in typical gynecological oncology such as endometrial cancer， breast cancer and ovarian cancer; on the other hand， we analyze its different influences during disease treatment which would provide a theoretical guide for the gynecological oncology treatment.
