《生命科学》 2015, 27(5): 618-624

纳米氧化铜对生物体的毒害作用及机理

聂光丽1，2，何 蓉1，3，唐玉林1，3*

(1 深圳大学生命科学学院，深圳 518060；2 深圳市海洋生物资源与生态环境重点实验室，深圳 518060；3 深圳市微生物基因工程重点实验室，深圳 518060)

摘　要：摘　要：随着纳米技术的飞速发展，人工纳米材料被广泛应用到能源、医药、军事、环保等各个领域。人工纳米氧化铜(CuO NPs) 由于其独特的物化性质和广泛的用途备受人们关注，其在生产及使用过程中形成的颗粒物有意无意地会进入土壤和水体中，进而对生物体造成潜在危害。现就近几年来CuO NPs 对不同生物体，包括动物、植物、细菌等以及细胞和基因方面的纳米效应及致毒机制进行了分析和综述。对CuO NPs 毒性的全面认识将为减轻人工纳米颗粒物的环境毒性研究提供参考，并提出了今后相关研究的重要方向。

The biological toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles and its toxicology mechanisms

NIE Guang-Li1，2， HE Rong1，3， TANG Yu-Lin1，3*

(1 College of Life Sciences， Shenzhen University， Shenzhen 518060， China;
    2 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Ecological Environment， Shenzhen 518060， China; 3 Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Microbes， Shenzhen 518060， China)

Abstract: Abstract: With the development of nanotechnology， artificial nanomaterials have been applied widely in the fields of energy resources， medicine， military， and environmental protection. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) have attracted a great deal of interest because of their unique properties. In the process of its production and application， the particles have been released into the soil and water and caused the potential toxicity to the environment. Here the toxicity of CuO NPs on different organisms， the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of CuO NPs， and the toxicology mechanism of CuO NPs are briefly analyzed and reviewed. It is helpful to understand the toxicity comprehensively for providing more information for the study of reducing the environmental toxicity of CuO NPs.