CRISPR/Cas系统在植物基因组编辑中的应用
瞿礼嘉*, 郭冬姝, 张金喆, 秦跟基
(北京大学生命科学学院,北京 100871)

摘 要:摘 要:在基因组水平上进行植物基因人工改造对农作物的改良具有重要意义。一直以来,科学家都未发现有效的植物基因组编辑的方法。最近发现的CRISPR/Cas 系统因其简易和有效性被广泛应用于包括植物在内的多种生物的基因组编辑中。CRISPR/Cas 系统仅需要短 RNA 和核酸酶就可以对特定的靶标基因进行突变。目前CRISPR/Cas 系统已成功在拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)、烟草(Nicotiana benthamiana)、甜橙(Citrus sinensis)、水稻(Oryza sativa)、小麦(Triticum aestivum)、高粱(Sorghum bicolor)、玉米(Zea mays) 以及苔藓植物地钱(Marchantia polymorpha) 等植物中实现了定点基因组编辑。综述将对CRISPR/Cas 系统在植物中的最新研究进行全面的总结和讨论。

The application of CRISPR/Cas system in plant genome editing
QU Li-Jia*, GUO Dongshu , ZHANG Jinzhe , QIN Genji
(School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

Abstract: Abstract: Genome editing plays important roles in gene function analysis and crop improvement. However, no efficient methods are available for genome editing in plants for the past decade. Recently, a new genome editing technology, i.e., CRISPR/Cas system, was developed and widely used in different organisms including plants. CRISPR/Cas system is a facile method for gene targeting through short RNA fragments. Up to now, CRISPR/Cas system has been successfully applied in the genome editing of eight plant species, including Arabidopsis thaliana, tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana), sweet orange (Citrus sinensis), rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), maize (Zea mays) and liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha). In this review, we will summarize and discuss the recent progresses and new applications of the CRISPR/Cas technology in plants.

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