《生命科学》 2014, 26(7): 768-772

人类肠道微生物组与相关疾病研究进展

张　泽^1，2，刘翠花³， 赵晓航^1，4*

(1 海军总医院基础医学研究中心，北京100048；2 南方医科大学第三临床医学院，广州 510515；3 清华大学生命科学院，北京 100084；4 中国医学科学院肿瘤研究所分子肿瘤学国家重点实验室，北京100021)

摘　要：摘　要： 人体肠道共生着数以万亿计的微生物，肠道微生物在维持宿主正常生理功能中发挥重要作用，其成分和功能变化可导致严重的肠道和全身性疾病。以新一代测序技术和生物信息学分析为基础的元基因组学研究不仅极大地推动了对人类肠道微生物的整体认识，还加深了对肠道微生物代谢产物促进人类健康机理的理解，为肠道炎症、代谢性疾病和癌症等人类疾病的诊断与治疗提供了新思路。就肠道微生物元基因组学与肠道相关疾病的研究进展作一综述。

Research advance of human gut microbiome and related diseases    

ZHANG Ze^1，2， LIU Cui-Hua³， ZHAO Xiao-Hang^1，4*

(1 Center of Basic Medical Science， Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA， Beijing 100048， China; 2 Third School of Clinical Medicine， Southern Medical University， Guangzhou 510515， China; 3 School of Life Science， Tsinghua University， Beijing 100084， China; 4 State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology， Cancer Institute，
    Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences， Beijing 100021， China)

Abstract: Abstract: There are trillions of microbes living in the human gut， which play an important role in maintaining normal physiological functions of the host. The changes in the composition and function of gut microbes can cause serious intestinal and systemic diseases. Based on next-generation sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis， the human gut metagenomics research not only greatly promotes the overall understanding of gut microbiota， but also facilitates to realize mechanisms of preserving human health by commensal bacteria and their metabolites， which brings novel ideas to assist diagnosis and treatment of human diseases， such as intestinal inflammation， metabolic diseases and malignant tumors. In this paper， we reviewed the latest progress of gut microbial metagenomics and summarized its applications in the study of intestinal and related diseases.