摘 要：
摘 要：叉头框(forkhead box，Fox)蛋白家族是一类DNA结合区具有翼状螺旋结构的转录因子，目前已有17个亚族。Fox蛋白不仅能作为典型的转录因子通过招募共激活因子等调节基因转录，有些还能直接同凝聚染色质结合参与其重构，协同其他转录因子参与转录调节。PI3K-Akt/PKB、TGFβ-Smad和MAP Kinase等多条信号通路都可以影响Fox蛋白的磷酸化水平，从而调节其活性。Fox蛋白在胚胎发育、细胞周期调控、糖类和脂类代谢、生物老化和免疫调节等多种生物学过程中发挥作用。
关键词：转录因子；叉头框；分子结构；转录激活；功能
Abstract: Abstract: Forkhead box (Fox) proteins characterized by a conserved winged-helix DNA binding domain constitute a large family of transcription factors. Fox proteins regulate the gene transcription not only by recruiting various coactivators like most transcription factors, some members of this family but also by binding to the condensed chromosomes directly, which can remodel chromatin structure and generate a combinatorial effect with other transcription factors to cause significant changes in expression. PI3K-Akt/PKB、TGFβ-Smad and MAP Kinase signal pathways regulate the activity of Fox proteins via phosphorylation reaction. The diverse biological processes that Fox proteins influence, such as embryonic development, cell cycle regulation, glucose and lipid metabolism, aging and immunoregulation, have also been covered in this article.
Key words: transcription factors; forkhead box (Fox); molecular structure; transcription activation; function
