《生命科学》 2014, 26(5): 465-473

能源木薯高淀粉抗逆分子育种研究进展与展望

张　鹏^1，2*，杨　俊²，周文智¹，王红霞¹，马秋香¹

(1 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所，植物分子遗传国家重点实验室和国家植物基因研究中心 (上海)，上海 200032；2 上海辰山植物园中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心，上海 201602)

摘　要：木薯(Manihot esculenta Crantz) 是全球重要的粮食作物，也是我国非粮生物质能源发展的主要原材料。长期以来，传统杂交育种是木薯新品种培育的主要手段。随着全球生态的变化和木薯产业发展的推进，需要加速培育抗逆能力强、高淀粉的木薯新品种，因此，利用基因工程针对特定性状开展品种创新表现出巨大的潜力。随着组学技术的发展，在木薯基础研究领域，特别是针对储藏根发育、淀粉富集、逆境响应与调控等方面的研究逐步深入。强化木薯基础理论研究和发展应用技术，对推动能源木薯的产业化发展具有重要意义。

Progress and perspective of cassava molecular breeding for bioenergy development

ZHANG Peng^1，2*， YANG Jun²， ZHOU Wen-Zhi¹， WANG Hong-Xia¹， MA Qiu-Xiang¹

(1 National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research， Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology， Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Shanghai 200032， China; 2 Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden， Shanghai 201602， China)

Abstract: Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important food crop in tropics and the major raw materials for non-grain based biofuels in China. Traditionally， hybridization is the main means of breeding new cassava varieties. With the global ecological changes and development of cassava industrialization， it is in demand to accelerate the breeding of new cassava varieties having high stress resistance and starch content. Genetic engineering shows great potential in germ plasm innovation by improving specific traits without changes of other important traits. Using the “-omics” tools， intensive cassava study has been focused especially on starchy storage root development， starch accumulation and stress response and regulation. Strengthening fundamental research and applied technology development of cassava will greatly promote its industrialization in bioenergy.