《生命科学》 2014, 26(4): 369-376

哺乳动物精子获能过程中信号通路研究进展

赵　娜，甄林青，胡启蒙，李新红^*

(上海交通大学农业与生物学院，上海市兽医生物技术重点实验室，上海 200240)

摘　要：哺乳动物精子在雌性生殖道内及体外获能培养过程中伴随着胆固醇外流、质膜重组、离子通道调节及获能相关蛋白磷酸化状态改变等相关生理调节过程，其中信号通路及相应信号分子对精子获能及功能修饰起到重要调节作用，成为精子细胞超激活运动及完成受精作用的关键环节。根据近年来的研究报道，对哺乳动物精子获能过程中已知的信号通路、信号分子及调节因子、离子通道、存在的问题及未来研究主要方向进行综述，为精子体外培养及辅助生殖等提供理论参考。

Research progress of signaling pathways of mammalian sperm capacitation

ZHAO Na， ZHEN Lin-Qing， HU Qi-Meng， LI Xin-Hong^*

(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology， School of Agriculture and Biology， Shanghai Jiao Tong University， Shanghai 200240， China )

Abstract: During the process of incubation in vivo or in vitro， the changes associated with mammalian sperm capacitaion include: cholesterol efflux， plasma membrane reorganization， ion channel regulation and changes in the phosphorylation state of many proteins. The effect of signaling pathways and corresponding signal molecules plays an important role during sperm capacitation and modification of functions， and becomes the key links of sperm capacitation to hyperactivation and fertilization completed of sperm cells. Based on some reports published in recent years， this review examines that during the process of mammalian sperm capacitation， the known signal pathways， signal molecules， regulatory factors， ion channels， the existing questions and the main investigating fields in the future to provide theoretical reference for in vitro fertilization and assisted reproduction.