RNA中的假尿苷修饰:形成、功能及鉴定
李笑雨1#,孙芳芳2#,伊成器1,3*
(1 北京大学生命科学学院,蛋白质与植物基因研究国家重点实验室,北京100871;2 清华大学生命科学学院,北京100084;3 北京大学合成与功能生物分子中心,北京大学-清华大学生命科学联合中心,北京100871)

摘 要:假尿苷修饰是目前已知丰度最高的RNA 修饰,广泛存在于多个物种的多类RNA 中。作为尿苷的5 位异构体,假尿苷在真核生物中的形成机制主要有两种:依赖于假尿苷合酶或是依赖于H/ACA 核糖核蛋白复合体。假尿苷修饰在多个生物学过程中发挥作用,同时不同位点的假尿苷修饰具有不同的功能。而人为地在mRNA 终止密码子中引入假尿苷修饰则可以使其具有编码能力,这改变了传统的中心法则。目前对于RNA 中假尿苷的研究主要是通过2D-TLC 及液质联用对其进行定量分析,使用CMCT 标记假尿苷及RNase H 和SCARLET 的方法对其进行定位。

Pseudouridines in RNA: formation, function and characterization
LI Xiao-Yu1#, SUN Fang-Fang2#, YI Cheng-Qi1,3*
(1 State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; 2 School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 3 Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Science, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

Abstract: Pseudouridine is the most abundant RNA modification and it is widely spread in various RNAs of many organisms. As a rotation isomer of uridine, it is formed mainly through two mechanisms: stand-alone pseudouridine synthases and Box H/ACA Ribonucleoprotein. Pseudouridylation affects many cellular processes, with distinct functions at different sites in RNA. When incorporated into mRNA artifically, nonsense codons-containing pseudouridine can be converted into sense codons. To characterize pseudouridine in RNA, 2D-TLC and LC-MS have been used for quantification purposes, while CMCT-based labeling method, RNase H-based digestion method and most recently “SCARLET” method can all be applied for mapping the pseudouridine sites in RNA.

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