《生命科学》 2014, 26(2): 169-180

丛枝菌根真菌物种多样性及其群落构建机制研究进展

蒋胜竞，刘永俊，石国玺，潘建斌，冯虎元*

(兰州大学生命科学学院，细胞活动与逆境适应教育部重点实验室，兰州 730000)

摘　要：摘　要：丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi， AMF) 是一类分布广泛的植物根系共生微生物，在促进植物营养吸收、改善土壤结构、调节全球碳氮循环等方面具有重要的生理生态作用。经过一个多世纪的研究，AMF 物种多样性及群落生态学研究等已取得了重大成就。AMF 目前单列一门球囊霉门(Glomeromycota)，全球已发现的形态种约250 个；然而，随着AMF 分子多样性的研究深入，越来越多的证据暗示了AMF 可能有惊人的物种多样性。 AMF 群落多样性及物种组成受时空、宿主以及土壤因子的显著影响，但随机过程在AMF 群落构建中也发挥了重要作用。综述了AMF 的物种多样性及群落构建机制研究进展，并对今后这两方面的研究方向提出了展望。

The diversity and community assembly of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: a review

JIANG Sheng-Jing， LIU Yong-Jun， SHI Guo-Xi， PAN Jian-Bin， FENG Hu-Yuan*

(MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations， School of Life Sciences， Lanzhou University， Lanzhou 730000， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)， which can form mutualistic associations with roots of most land plants， are most widespread in nature. It has well accepted that AMF play key roles in enhancing plant nutrient uptake， improving soil structure and regulating global carbon and nitrogen cycles. The AMF， which have been reported about 250 morphological species， belong to the phylum Glomeromycota. A rich evidence of AMF molecular diversity， however， indicates that the species diversity of AMF might be higher than our current understanding. The temporal and spatial variations of AMF communities have been widely reported， whilst these communities are also affected significantly by host identity， soil characteristics and other deterministic factors. Nonetheless， the importance of stochastic process in regulating the AMF community assembly has also been evidenced in recent years. This paper reviewed the research progress in the species diversity and assembly mechanisms of AMF， and the future researches on these two issues were also discussed.