《生命科学》 2014, 26(2): 125-137

植物亲缘地理学的研究现状与发展趋势

白伟宁， 张大勇*

(北京师范大学生态学研究所生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室，北京 100875)

摘　要：摘　要：新生代以来剧烈的地质和气候变化，特别是第四纪冰期和间冰期的反复交错对温带植物类群的地理分布格局、种群结构和物种分化造成了深刻影响。近20 年来，随着分子标记技术的发展和分析方法的成熟，植物亲缘地理学利用基因谱系关系和在种群中的时空分布来追溯种群的进化历史，在探讨植物类群对地质气候变迁的响应以及种群分化的历史成因等方面开展了大量工作，取得了一些重要进展。在取得这些成绩的同时，作者也注意到了被研究者所忽略的一些问题。试图对这些问题进行初步的总结，着重于分析方法和几个常用软件的使用，并对今后的发展趋势进行了展望。

Current status and future directions in plant phylogeography

BAI Wei-Ning， ZHANG Da-Yong*

(Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological
    Engineering & Institute of Ecology， Beijing Normal University， Beijing 100875， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Geological events and dramatical global climate changes over the Cenozoic， in particular Quaternary climatic oscillations， have remarkable influences on most temperate flora in their distribution，population structure and speciation. With the development of molecular markers and analysis methods in recent years， a lot of work in plant phylogeography has been done for studying response to changes of geology and climate and historical causes of population genetic differentiation by using phylogeny and distribution of time and space of genes. However， a few problems have been neglected in these excellent studies of plant phylogeography. In this paper， we try to sort these problems out by focusing on analysis methods and common softwares and to speculate the directions of future development.