《生命科学》 2014, 26(1): 72-79
摘 要：摘 要：谷氧还蛋白2 (Glutaredoxin 2， GLRX2) 是一种相对分子质量较小的氧化还原酶，属于硫氧还蛋白家族成员，以谷胱甘肽为辅基调节细胞的氧化还原内环境。在非应激条件下，GLRX2 结合铁硫簇，以二聚体形式存在，可能参与铁硫簇的转运或运输；当氧化压力增加时，铁硫簇解聚，GLRX2 二聚体转化为GLRX2 单体，利用单巯基或双巯基机制，发挥抗氧化应激和抗细胞凋亡的功能。GLRX2 与人类健康和疾病，如心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病、白内障、肿瘤细胞生长与分化和精子成熟等密切相关。因此，对GLRX2的深入研究将有助于设计针对氧化应激的药物，为治疗和预防由此产生的疾病或健康问题带来新的希望。
Abstract: Abstract: Glutaredoxin 2 (GLRX2)， a member of the thioredoxin-fold family of proteins， is a small oxidoreductase，with glutathione (GSH) as its cofactor. GLRX2 may form a homodimer to complex two GSH for the coordination of one iron-sulfur cluster [2Fe-2S] as a holo-GLRX2， which may be important for iron-sulfur transfer or trafficking. However， disassembly of the iron-sulfur cluster and dissociation of the holo-GLRX2 complex may yield the monomer to be enzymatically activated against oxidative stress. The physiological functions of the GLRX2 monomer including the anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic process via monothiol or dithiol mechanism may be relevant to human health and disease， such as cardiovascular disease， neurodegenerative disease， cataract， tumor cell growth and differentiation， and sperm maturation. Therefore， the intensive studies on GLRX2 will pharmaceutically shed new light on treatment or prevention of oxidative stress-linked diseases.
