《生命科学》 2013, 25(11): 1126-1134

哺乳动物腔前卵泡体外培养研究进展

蒲　勇^1，2，张运海^1，2，章孝荣^1，2，3*

(1 安徽农业大学动物科技学院，合肥 230036；2 安徽地方畜禽遗传资源保护与生物育种省级实验室，合肥 230036；3 安徽省羊繁育工程技术研究中心，合肥 230036)

摘　要：摘　要：哺乳动物卵巢中含有数以万计的腔前卵泡(preantral follicles)，仅不足1% 能够发育至预排卵卵泡。建立哺乳动物腔前卵泡有效分离及体外培养技术体系，能够大量利用腔前卵泡，增加体外成熟卵母细胞数量，对哺乳动物胚胎体外生产、克隆及转基因动物生产等胚胎工程技术的研究与应用，以及在体外条件下揭示哺乳动物卵泡发育机理，都具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。鉴于卵巢质地与卵泡大小、发生周期的固有差异，不同物种腔前卵泡分离方法与培养方式亦有所不同。同时，培养基类型、卵泡间相互作用、促性腺激素与细胞因子等因素均会对卵泡的体外发育产生影响。系统阐述了腔前卵泡的分离方法、培养方式以及相关因素对卵泡发育的影响，期望为从事相关研究的学者提供参考。

Advances in research on in vitro culture of mammal preantral follicles

PU Yong^1，2， ZHANG Yun-Hai^1，2， ZHANG Xiao-Rong^1，2，3*

(1 College of Animal Science and Technology， Anhui Agricultural University， Hefei 230036， China; 2 Anhui Provincial Laboratory for Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding， Hefei 230036， China; 3 Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Breeding in Sheep of Anhui Province， Hefei 230036， China)

Abstract: Abstract: Although mammal ovary contains a large number of preantral follicles， no more than 1% can develop into pre-ovulation follicles. There are obvious theoretical and practical values for the establishment of mammal preantral follicle isolation and culture system on embryo engineering technology and its application， such as the use of preantral follicles for oocyte in vitro maturation， embryo production and transgenic animal breeding， together with revealing the mechanism of follicular development. Considering ovarian texture， follicle size and folliculogenesis cycle， the isolation and culture methods for preantral follicles vary between different species. Correspondingly， culture medium， interaction of follicles， gonadotropin and cytokines also influence follicle development in vitro. Thus， this review systematically described the method of preantral follicle isolation and culture， together with the effect of multiple factors on preantral follicles development in vitro， and provided valuable information to researchers engaged in the related fields.